Refractive Error
64 Biomarkers
| Biomarker | Category | Source | Application | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VIPR2 | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Yiu WC,et al.PLoS One. 2013 |
| vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2) | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Yiu WC,et al.PLoS One. 2013 |
| FXIII-A 185-T-Allele | DNA | chromosome | prognosis | Parmeggiani F,et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2015 |
| NDUFAF7 | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Wang B,et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017 |
| mitofusin 1(MFN1) | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Andrew T,PLoS Genet. 2008 |
| presenilin associated rhomboid like (PSARL) | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Andrew T,PLoS Genet. 2008 |
| SOX2 overlapping transcript(SOX2OT) | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Andrew T,PLoS Genet. 2008 |
| uromodulin Like 1 (UMODL1) | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Zhu MM,BMC Med Genet. 2012. |
| uromodulin Like 1 (UMODL1) | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Zhu MM,BMC Med Genet. 2012. |
| baseline myopic refraction | Eye measures | Tissue | progression | Gupta S, et al.Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2021 |
| ciliary muscle thickness(CMT) | Eye measures | Tissue | prediction | Buckhurst H, Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2013 |
| tessellated fundus indices (TFIs) | Eye measures | Retinal choroid | diagnosis | Yoshihara N,et al.PLoS One. 2014 |
| hay fever | Disease | 2005 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey | Eye Contact Lens. 2017 | |
| scleral thickness | Bio-imaging | Tissue | prediction | Dhakal R et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020 Apr 9 |
| corneal stress-strain index (SSI) | Bio-imaging | Tissue | diagnosis | Han F et al.BMC Ophthalmol. 2020 Nov 19 |
| dermatoglyphics | Bio-imaging | Tissue | diagnosis | Sretić L et al.Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2019 |
| lower urinary cotinine level | Metabolite | Blood | prediction | Nam GE et al.Eye (Lond). 2017 |
| conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF) | Bio-imaging | Blood | prediction | Kearney S et al.Clin Exp Optom. 2019 |
| conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF) | Bio-imaging | Tissue | prediction | Sherwin JC et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 |
| vitamin D status | Metabolite | Blood | prediction | Yazar S et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 |
| 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) | Metabolite | Blood | prediction | Kim EB et al.Korean J Ophthalmol. 2016 |
| IGF1 | DNA | DNA | prediction | Mak JY et al.Arch Ophthalmol. 2012 |
| HGF | DNA | DNA | prediction | Yanovitch T et al.Mol Vis. 2009 |
| HGF | DNA | DNA | prediction | Yanovitch T et al.Mol Vis. 2009 |
| HGF | DNA | DNA | prediction | Yanovitch T et al.Mol Vis. 2009 |
| choroidal thickness | Bio-imaging | Tissue | prediction | Nishida Y et al.Retina. 2012 |
| MYP1 | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Ratnamala U,et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 |
| 18p11.31 | Genetic locus | chromosome | prediction | Paluru PC,et al.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 |
| 12q21-q23 | Genetic locus | chromosome | prediction | Paluru PC,et al.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 |
| 17q21-q23 | Genetic locus | chromosome | prediction | Paluru PC,et al.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 |
| 7q36 | Genetic locus | chromosome | prediction | Paluru PC,et al.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 |
| percent tissue altered | Bio-imaging | Tissue | prognosis | Santhiago MR,et al.Am J Ophthalmol. 2014 |
| PAX6 | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Tsai YY, et al.Eye (Lond). 2008 |
| corneal deformation characteristics | Bio-imaging | Tissue | diagnosis | Ma J, Wang Y,et al. J Refract Surg. 2021 |
| mean cycloplegic | Bio-imaging | Tissue | prediction | Zadnik K,et al.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999 |
| spherical refractive error | Bio-imaging | Tissue | prediction | Zadnik K,et al.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999 |
| the grating acuity | Bio-imaging | tissue | prognosis | Sahni J,et al. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005 |
| PDGFRA | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Yuan XL,et al.Ophthalmic Genet. 2021 |
| MTOR | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Yuan XL,et al.Ophthalmic Genet. 2021 |
| WNT7B | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Yuan XL,et al.Ophthalmic Genet. 2021 |
| CMPK1 | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Yuan XL,et al.Ophthalmic Genet. 2021 |
| RBP3 | DNA | chromosome | prediction | Yuan XL,et al.Ophthalmic Genet. 2021 |
| axial length/corneal radius ratio | Bio-imaging | tissue | prediction | Yebra-Pimentel E,Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2004 |
| peripapillary detachment in pathologic myopia (PDPM) | Bio-imaging | tissue | prediction | Shimada N,et al.Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 |
| preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) | Bio-imaging | tissue | prognosis | Du CX,Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2005 |
| preoperative corneal thickness | Bio-imaging | tissue | prognosis | Du CX,Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2005 |
| spherical equivalent correction | Bio-imaging | tissue | prognosis | Du CX,Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2005 |
| one-week postoperative corneal thickness | Bio-imaging | tissue | prognosis | Du CX,Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2005 |
| MYP2 | DNA | tissue | prediction | Farbrother JE,Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 |
| 12q (MYP3) | DNA | tissue | prediction | Farbrother JE,Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 |
| 17q | DNA | tissue | prediction | Farbrother JE,Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 |
| percent tissue altered (PTA) | Eye measures | machine | prognosis | Nemet, Achia et al. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie.2021 |
| intraocular pressure | Bio-imaging | Tissue | prediction | Gordon MO et al.Arch Ophthalmol. 2002 |
| percent tissue altered (PTA) | Bio-imaging | Tissue | prognosis | Nemet A,Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021 |
| membrane and myopic traction maculopathy: Effects of internal limiting membrane incompliance | Eye measures | Tissue | prediction | Wang SW,Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021 |
| posterior staphyloma | Disease | Tissue | prediction | Wang SW,Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021 |
| refractive error, axial length, gullstrand lens and pod corneal power | Eye measures | machine | prognosis | Zadnik, K et al. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science vol.1999 |
| corneal arcus | Eye measures | machine | diagnosis | Sujiv Vurgese et al.Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 2011 |
| the serum concentration of antioxidant microelements-zinc, selenium | Metabolite | serum | prediction | Monika Fedor et al.Biol Trace Elem Res . 2017 |
| the serum concentration of Cu/Zn ratio | Metabolite | serum | prediction | Monika Fedor et al.Biol Trace Elem Res . 2017 |
| NRXN1 | DNA | meta-analyses | prediction | Qing Li et al.Hum Genet . 2015 |
| TOX | DNA | meta-analyses | prediction | Qing Li et al.Hum Genet . 2015 |
| LINC00340 | DNA | meta-analyses | prediction | Qing Li et al.Hum Genet . 2015 |
| 1p36 | Genetic locus | blood | prediction | Robert Wojciechowski et al.Hum Genet . 2006 |
